Activity of Compounds from Temperate Propolis against Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania mexicana

Ethanolic extracts of samples temperate zone propolis, four from the UK and one Poland, were tested against three Trypanosoma brucei strains displayed EC50 values < 20 µg/mL. The fractionated, which 12 compounds two-component mixture isolated, characterized by NMR high-resolution mass spectrometry, as 3-acetoxypinobanksin, tectochrysin, kaempferol, pinocembrin, 4?-methoxykaempferol, galangin, chrysin, apigenin, pinostrobin, cinnamic acid, coumaric cinnamyl ester/coumaric acid benzyl ester (mixture), 4?,7-dimethoxykaempferol, naringenin 4?,7-dimethyl ether. isolated drug-sensitive drug-resistant T. Leishmania mexicana, with highest activities ? 15 µM. most active 4?,7 dimethyl ether 4?methoxy kaempferol activity 15–20 µM strains. L. mexicana 4?,7-dimethoxykaempferol mixture, 12.9 ± 3.7 13.1 1.0 No loss was found diamidine- arsenical-resistant or phenanthridine-resistant strains, miltefosine-resistant strain; no clear structure relationship observed for compounds. Temperate propolis yields multiple anti-kinetoplastid activity.